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.IX Title "FLIP.TXT 1"
.TH FLIP.TXT 1 "2005-03-22" "perl v5.8.1" "User Contributed Perl Documentation"
.SH "NAME"
flip \-  convert a file's newline characters to Unix, Macintosh, or MS\-DOS newline characters.
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
flip [\-tumd] filename
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
Unix and Macintosh text files use one character to indicate a new line of text. The character which is used in Unix can be represented as the hexadecimal number 0x0a (decimal number: 10) which you can see on a Unix computer if you run a file through the od command, e.g.:  od \-h flip.cpp , which displays the bytes in the file as hexadecimal numbers. Older Macs use 0x0d instead of 0x0a. \*(L"0x\*(R" is a marker in C programming to indicate a hexadecimal number.
.PP
On the other hand for MS-DOS based computers, a new line of text is specified by two characters:  0x0d  followed by  0x0a  which function similar to a typewriter: one character advances the paper one line (linefeed) and the other character moves the current positon to the beginning of the line (carriage return).
.PP
If you edit a MS-DOS \s-1ASCII\s0 file in Unix you will often see  the characters ^M at the end of the line. This is the  extra character 0x0d that is used to indicate a new line of  text in \s-1MS\-DOS\s0. Many Windows 95 programs can recognize  Unix text file newlines, so it is usually not too much problem  going the other way by using Unix text files in \s-1MS\-DOS\s0.
.PP
If you edit a Mac-style text file in Unix (depending on the editor), you will see the entire file on a single line with ^M characters  displayed instead of newlines.
.PP
The flip program will convert the newlines to any format as follows:
.PP
Microsoft Windows / \s-1MS\-DOS:\s0 0Dh 0Ah 
.PP
Apple Macintosh \s-1OS\s0 9 and earlier: 0Dh 
.PP
Unix (e.g., Linux), also Apple \s-1OS\s0 X and higher: 0Ah 
.SH "OPTIONS"
.IX Header "OPTIONS"
\&\fB\-t\fR display current file type, no file modifications
.PP
\&\fB\-d\fR use the given device instead of /dev/cdrom
.PP
\&\fB\-u\fR convert file(s) to Unix newline format (newline)
.PP
\&\fB\-m\fR convert file(s) to Macintosh newline format (linefeed)
.PP
\&\fB\-d\fR convert file(s) to MS\-DOS/Windows newline format (linefeed + newline)
.SH "EXAMPLES"
.IX Header "EXAMPLES"
Display current file type
.PP
.Vb 1
\&          flip -t [filename]
.Ve
.PP
Convert file newline characters to Unix newline character 
.PP
.Vb 1
\&          flip -u [filename]
.Ve
.SH "EXIT STATUS"
.IX Header "EXIT STATUS"
Be careful. flip will work on any file of any type, including binaries. Make a backup copy of the file before running flip if you are working with irreplaceable data.
.SH "AUTHOR"
.IX Header "AUTHOR"
Craig Stuart Sapp
.PP
This man page is was created by mistersquid on 22 March 2005
.PP
.Vb 1
\&        http://mistersquid.com/
.Ve
.PP
It is adapted from the program's author's instructions, which as of this writing can be located at
.PP
.Vb 1
\&          http://ccrma.stanford.edu/~craig/utility/flip/
.Ve